but from those who defend the kind of hard determinism we referred to above, which, with an appeal to science, denies all human freedom. Accordingly, some theologians of late have directed their guns particularly at the determinism that, to put it in everyday language, leaves us at the mercy of our genes. On the one hand, they take inspiration from Christian thinkers of the past who rejected the conceptual framework of philosophical determinism; on the other hand, they seek to demonstrate how an